- A chronic degenerative disorder primarily affecting the articular cartilage of s
ynovial joints with bony remodeling and overgrowth (bone spur) - Risk factors :-
- Obesity
- Weakness of the Quadriceps muscles
- Repetitive impact and twisting
- Kneeling or squatting with heavy lifting
- Abnormal tibial rotation
- Grades (Kellgren and Lawrence system) :-
- Grade 0: No radiographic features of OA are present
- Grade 1: Doubtful joint space narrowing (JSN) and possible osteophytic lipping
- Grade 2: Definite osteophytes and possible JSN on anteroposterior weight-bearing radiograph
- Grade 3: Multiple osteophytes, definite JSN, sclerosis, possible bony deformity
- Grade 4: Large osteophytes, marked JSN, severe sclerosis and definite bony deformity
- Symptoms :-
- Morning stiffness
- Swelling
- Difficult to go up/down stair, squat
- Feel crepitus
Reference
-
Carolyn Kisner, Lynn Allen Colby: Therapeutic Exercise Foundations and Techniques, 5th Ed. Philadelphia. F.A. Davis Company. 2007.