- Known as “Hallux Valgus Deformity”
- Women > Men
- Caused by :-
- “Pes Planus” (pronated arch) is a causative factor in the development of Bunion
- High heel: excessive pressure on big toe
- Narrow shoe: compressing the toes
- Stages (angles between first and second metatarsals) by Jahss (A) :-
- Normal: 3 to 9 degrees
- Mild: 10 to 12 degrees
- Moderate: 12 to 16 degrees
- Severe: > 16 degree
- Stages (angles of hallux lateral deviation) by Kelikian (B):-
- Normal: >= 10 degrees
- Mild: 20 degrees
- Moderate: 30 degrees
- Severe:> 40 degree
- Symptoms :-
- Big toe deviate laterally
- Joint swollen
- Local tenderness
Reference
-
Jan K. Richardson, Z. Annette Iglarsh:Clinical Orthopaedic Physical Therapy. Philadelphia.W.B. Saunders Company.1994